Problems in Distinguishing Historical from Ecological Factors in Biogeography

Ecological and Historical Factors in Fern Biogeography

Remarkable diversity in recognized endemic centres as well as noteworthy disjunct distributions have led students of the pteridophytes to seek historical explanations for these phenomena. A suite of distinctive attributes limit the array of possible explanations: most biogeographically significant are ( I ) the smaller number of species-range determinants, and (2) the substantial capacity for l...

Historical Biogeography

Historical biogeography can be divided into two subdisciplines: taxon biogeography and area biogeography. In the former we are interested in reconstructing the geographic distribution history of a particular group of organisms. Questions we may be interested in answering include: Where did the organisms originate? How did they colonize the areas in which they live today? When did they first com...

Distinguishing Historical from Current Problems in Clinical Reports - Which Textual Features Help?

Determining whether a condition is historical or recent is important for accurate results in biomedicine. In this paper, we investigate four types of information found in clinical text that might be used to make this distinction. We conducted a descriptive, exploratory study using annotation on clinical reports to determine whether this temporal information is useful for classifying conditions ...

Phylogenetic Systematics and Biogeography: Using Cladograms in Historical Biogeography Methods

proficiency level and factors fostering reticence in efl learners

according to cheng (1999), in recent esl/efl literature, asian (especially east asian) learners of english as a foreign/second language have been arguably reported as reticent and passive learners. the most common allegations are that these students are reluctant to participate in classroom discourse; they are unwilling to give responses; they do not ask questions; and they are passive and over...